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Designed for experienced programmers, the UNIX operating system is characterized by a small number of basic elements that can be combined in an infinite number of ways, and has a sufficient number of means by which programmers can work together and manage the use of common information. Each program should perform only one function, but doing it well is one of the basic rules of the UNIX system...

In our information age, no one is surprised by the huge amount of information that can be found on the pages on the Internet. One of the most used resources for information retrieval is Google. But you can often hear that it is difficult to find the right page/book/file/movie, you have to look through a huge number of search pages when you finally find what you are looking for...

The text of the program describing the algorithm is created using a programming language. But, in order for the program to be executed, it is necessary either to translate all of its text into machine code-this is done by special programs - compilers, and then transferred for execution to the processor, or immediately execute language commands...

The development of computer technology has entailed new approaches in programming. The programming style has completely changed, it consists in mapping the physical objects of the real world to the software environment. It's about the concept of object-oriented programming (OOP), the basis of which is the concept of object. Its essence lies in the fact that the object combines...

Data protection today came in first place. Computer systems, as never before, must successfully counter threats and attacks. To do this, there should be a security policy, an analysis of the risks from possible unauthorized access. In addition, it is necessary to classify existing threats to information security. Each classification criterion should reflect one of the general requirements...

Criteria for the security of computer systems were first developed in 1983 by the US Department of Defense. They are a definition of the requirements for hardware, software and special software called "Criteria of computer systems security assessment", received the informal name "Orange book"...